Schinus molle L. belongs to the family Anacardiaceae early found as a weed in South America and later distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay and in many others country all over the world as an ornamental plant. Various parts of this plant are used to treat a toothache, rheumatism, urinary tract and respiratory infection. The tree is popular for its pharmacological features such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antioxidant and allelopathic activities.  Schinus molle is also rich in various chemicals for pharmaceuticals such as sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids and triterpenes. The aim of this report is to review the available scientific literatures published regarding the phytochemicals, biological activities and genetic characterization of Schinus molle plants.